Key terms every e-commerce and fulfillment operator should know to understand the intricacies of e-commerce fulfillment, and ship better.
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Actual Time of Arrival (ATA) is a logistics term that signifies the exact moment a shipment reaches its destination.
Actual Time of Departure (ATD) means the specific time when a shipment leaves its point of origin, such as a warehouse or distribution center
Actual Stock in ecommerce refers to the exact quantity of goods and products physically present and available for sale or distribution in a warehouse at any given time
Advanced Shipping Notice (ASN) is a document provided by the supplier to the receiver detailing the specifics of a pending delivery
All-Risk Cargo Insurance typically covers physical loss or damage from any external cause
AOV is a critical metric in e-commerce and retail analytics that represents the average amount of money each customer spends per transaction
Backhaul refers to the process of transporting goods on the return journey of a vehicle that has completed its primary freight task
CNF is a common term used in international trade to denote a shipping agreement where the seller is responsible for the cost of transporting goods
A Commodity Code is a standardized numerical code used to classify goods for international trade
Cubage, also known as cubic volume, is a measure of the total volume occupied by an object, package, or shipment, expressed in cubic units
It refers to the total time taken from the moment an order is placed until the final product is delivered to the customer
DDP is a shipping agreement where the seller assumes all responsibilities and costs associated with transporting goods until they are received by the buyer
A crucial document in the supply chain and logistics industry, signifying an authorization to release cargo from a carrier to a designated party
Demurrage refers to the charges that are incurred when cargo or freight is not moved off a ship or out of a port within the allotted free time
A Dock Receipt is a document used in international shipping, issued by a carrier or its agent, acknowledging the receipt of cargo for shipment
Drayage is a specialized logistics service within the shipping industry, focused on transporting goods over short distances
Drop shipping is a retail fulfillment method where a store doesn't keep the products it sells in stock
It is a business practice involving buying products from one marketplace and reselling them in another at a higher price to profit
FEFO stands for First-Expired, First-Out, an inventory management technique primarily used for products with expiration dates
Finished Goods Inventory (FGI) refers to products that have completed the manufacturing process and are ready to be sold to customers
FIFO is an inventory management strategy where the goods that are first added to inventory are the first to be sold
Flat Rate Shipping is a straightforward pricing method in logistics where a single fixed fee is charged for shipping a package
Flow Rack is a storage aid system that uses gravity rollers or wheels to facilitate the movement of inventory
Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) is an internationally recognized system for uniquely identifying products in the supply chain
GATT was a multilateral agreement aimed at promoting international trade by reducing or eliminating trade barriers such as tariffs and quotas
It refers to the concerted effort within the logistics and supply chain management sectors to minimize the environmental impact of their operations
It refers to the practice of combining multiple shipments, often from different suppliers, into one consolidated load for transportation
Holding Cost, also known as carrying cost, refers to the total expenses associated with storing unsold goods
It is a concept in manufacturing and production planning that assumes there is no limit to the capacity available for production
It is a critical aspect of inventory management, involving the strategic distribution or assignment of available stock to fulfill orders
Kitting is the process of combining multiple SKUs into a single ‘kit’ for sale as one unit
LIFO, or Last-In, First-Out, is an inventory management method where the most recently produced or purchased items are sold first
Last Mile Delivery is the final step in the delivery process where goods are transported from a transportation hub to the final delivery destination
Logistics Data Interchange (LDI) refers to the electronic transfer of logistics-related information between business partners
Merge in Transit is a sophisticated logistics strategy where products from different origins are consolidated en route to the customer
Non-stock Inventory refers to items that are not regularly stocked but are ordered as needed
It is the process of strategic grouping of multiple orders, either from the same customer or to similar destinations, into one shipment.
Parcel locker is an automated, secure storage unit designed to facilitate the efficient handling of parcel deliveries and pickups
Reefer Trucking refers to the transportation of freight that requires temperature-controlled conditions
SSCC is an 18-digit numerical identifier used in the electronic tracking and management of shipping units
SCOR Model is a powerful and widely recognized framework designed to analyze and improve various aspects of supply chain performance
Unit Load is a method of assembling various goods into a single, well-secured, and manageable load, typically for handling and transportation purposes
It refers to a pallet or container used in the airline industry to consolidate and transport cargo in an efficient and secure manner
A fulfillment model where products are shipped by a manufacturer or third-party provider under the branding of the retailer or marketer
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